Your choices:
1 Fuel: liquid; 2 Transport; 3 Biomass (fermentable sludge)
| What is your resource? | What do you want to deliver? | What is the service the customer wants? |
| Biomass (digestible sludge) | District cooling | Comfortable indoor climate |
| 3 Biomass (fermentable sludge) | District heating | Electricity |
| Biomass (solid) | Electricity | Process cooling (< 0 °C) |
| Geothermal | Fuel: Gaseous | Process heat/steam (50 - 150 °C) |
| Sunshine | 1 Fuel: Liquid | Process heat (150 - 1000 °C) |
| Water | Fuel: Solid | Process heat (> 1000 °C) |
| Wind | Local cooling (ind. house) | 2 Transport |
| Residual oils/fats etc | Local heating (ind. house) |
The transport sector and the replacement of fossil gasoline and fossil diesel oil is the main object of ethanol as well as of FAME production.
So far, the total amounts of ethanol and biodiesel are minor as compared to the total amounts of fuel used in the transport sector but as volumes grow, there may be good reason to consider the feedstock for these fuels.
As pointed out in other places in this material, todays' production of ethanol is to a significant extent based on dedicated energy crops.
On a local basis, there may instead be fermentable industrial sludge available as well as other residues that can be used for ethanol fermentation without a complicated pre-treatment.